"It is a spectrum of redness, flushing, red bumps, cysts, and even sometimes facial swelling that we see," she says. And to help you choose the best rosacea cream for your skin, I chatted with board-certified dermatologists Kristina Collins, MD; Mona Gohara, MD; and Jenny Liu, MD. WebAmazon.com : Ozona Organics - Liquid Probiotics Topical Mist - Unscented Probiotic Spray Natural Skin Care For Face & Body - Organic Ingredients - 6oz : Health & Household Amazon.com : Ozona Organics - Liquid Probiotics Topical Mist - Unscented Probiotic Spray Natural Skin Care For Face & Body - Organic Ingredients - 6oz : Health & Household The Ultra-Sensitive Skin Moisturizer by La Roche-Posay gets our pick for the best natural moisturizer since it relies on non-irritating ingredients like shea butter and antioxidants to get the hydrating job done. Elm & Rye Probiotic Theresa has been writing for Byrdie since 2020, where she covers skincare, makeup, and lifestyle products. 24,23 4277. Unfortunately, plenty of Promise. THE REVIEWS: I have tried laser, and various products for my rosacea, a reviewer writes. 10 best face moisturizers for dry skin, according to experts in "A damaged skin barrier can be a trigger for inflammation in rosacea and can lead to increased redness and dilated blood vessels," she says. When applying any moisturizer, a nice strategy to try is gently patting it on your face rather than rubbing it in; remember, you want to reduce inflammation, not cause it. doi:10.12688/f1000research.16537.1. Our top pick, the Dr. Jart+ Cicapair Tiger Grass Cream is packed with niacinamide and glycerin which is also excellent for hydration. And leaves my skin with a faint glow.. Active Ingredients: Salicylic acid, meadowfoam oil, azelaic acid, allantoin | Skin Type: All | Size: 1.7 ounces | SPF: No | Cruelty-Free: Yes. Key Ingredients: 1.5% Salicylic Acid, Probiotics, Postbiotics, Aloe, Oat. surface of our skin, Dr. Khetarpal says. likely to find their equilibrium. THE REVIEWS: This product was recommended by my dermatologist after my first severe flareup of rosacea, one tester writes. doi:10.4103/2229-5178.185494, van Zuuren EJ, Fedorowicz Z, Carter B, van der Linden MM, Charland L. Interventions for rosacea. best This leads to inflammation, and chronic skin conditions," including rosacea. If you click on links we provide, we may receive compensation. whirl? Marisa Petrarca is a contributing beauty writer for Cosmopolitan.com. Despite how it may feel, youre definitely not the only one dealing with flushed skin, spontaneous redness, spider veins, dryness, and overall sensitivity. scientific journals isnt your idea of fun, your best bet is to talk to a dermatologist Probiotics Del Rosso, James Q, and Eric W Baum. Here are the best moisturizers for rosacea on the market today. This works so well, I am amazed. Your immune system marks these foreign substances as threats and therefore attacks them. It alsoprovides sun protectionwith SPF 20 and is formulated to be non-irritating and non-comedogenic. It's important to avoid rosacea 'triggers,' such as hot weather and too much sun, cold weather and windburn, stress, alcohol, and caffeine.". Kiehls ultra facial oil-free gel cream, 125ml. Its lightweight, non-drying, and wont clog your pores, even if you have oily skin. People with rosacea should take care to skip products containing alcohol or fragrances since they are usually pretty irritating; Dr. Ilyas says choosing products without fragrance can be an important step in avoiding a flare. The next best thing to visiting a Parisian pharmacy IRL is Amazon Prime-ing the goods to your doorstep instead. We independently evaluate all recommended products and services. Im in love with this rosacea cream. Dietary change may play a role in the therapy of rosacea. The ceramide-rich formula gives itchy rosacea skin some much-needed TLC and also helps strengthen your skin's protective barrier to help prevent flare-ups, says Dr. Henry. Whether you use it daily for acne-prone skin or to target hormonal breakouts, it clears skin immediately while helping strengthen your overall skin health. Though all the probiotics on this list aim to improve gut health and overall immunity, the L. acidophilus in this probiotic may also improve vaginal health, and the cranberry extract may prevent the occurrence, or lessen the frequency, of urinary tract infections, too. Best probiotic moisturizer for rosacea: TULA Super Soothe Calming Moisturizing Lotion Best tinted SPF for rosacea: EltaMD UV Clear Tinted Broad They suggested lotions and creams loaded withhydrating ingredients like hyaluronic acidbut free of any ingredients that are typically irritating to redness-prone skin, like alcohol, fragrances, retinols, and acids. What Are the Pros and Cons of Treating Rosacea With Antibiotics? Learn more. those skin woes, probiotic creams might help. Sometimes its hard to even know where the source of your sensitivity liesonly that a lot of products seem to irritate and inflame your skin. If you suffer from the burning, itching, swelling, pain of rosacea do not hesitate. Probiotic fermentation augments the skin anti-photoaging properties of Agastache rugosa through up-regulating antioxidant components in UV-B-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes. I have been using this product for a year. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. If you have an oily skin type and prefer to stick with oil-free moisturizers, consider giving this one a go. "The next morning I woke up, my face's redness had [calmed] down [and] after a few more days, more improvement to my skin and my stomach issues. 2010;3(2):22-41. Our top pick, the Dr. Jart 15 best skin care products for rosacea and redness in June 2023 Its gentle, non-greasy, and doesnt leave your skin feeling tight, which is exactly what you want from a cleanser. On a budget? Theres a whole new This 16-ounce pump bottle contains a fragrance-free, petrolatum-based cream that hydrates without clogging pores or irritating sensitive skin. The 13 Best Moisturizers for Rosacea of 2023 | by Byrdie Strengthening it can help lock in moisture and lock out irritants. "Epionce Lytic Lotion is also wonderful for rosacea, as it repairs the skin barrier," Dr. Madfes says. In addition to azelaic acid, the best creams for rosacea contain both soothing and anti-inflammatory properties, says Dr. Collins (think: ceramides, colloidal oatmeal, centella asiatica, zinc oxide, etc.). Windsor Botanicals Bloat Relief Probiotics and Digestive Enzymes. Best Drugstore Rosacea The Skin Microbiome, Elizabeth Grice-Julia Segre - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3535073/, Cranberries and Lower Urinary Tract Infection Prevention, Marcelo Hisano, Homero Bruschini, Antonio Nicodemo, and Miguel Srougi - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3370320/, The 3 Best Probiotics To Try If You're Dealing With Rosacea, The Best Full-Coverage Underwear, According To Reviewers, The 6 Best Sunglasses For Light-Sensitive Eyes, According To An Optometrist, Stylists Swear By These Cheap, Trendy Things On Amazon, Get Even More From Bustle Sign Up For The Newsletter. Below are a few of the best probiotic skincare brands and microbiome friendly products to restore your skins balance and keep it healthy: Tula . The skin How much do we really know about our favorite cosmeceutical ingredients? A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in acne and hyperpigmentary skin disorders. There are likely several Best Rosacea Treatment: Creams, Lasers, and More It's also formulated with hyaluronic acid for an added boost of hydration, making it a no-brainer for anyone dealing with dryness. But if you have skin problems such as acne, eczema, rosacea or dryness, its worth considering, says Dr. Khetarpal. In other words, focusing on improving your gut health can have a major impact on your skin. 41,5 (1991): 780-98. doi:10.2165/00003495-199141050-00007. Ive tried more sunscreens than I can count and they either burn or break me out. Differin Acne Treatment$15. Whether youre looking for a moisturizer that contains sunscreen or opting for a tinted product that can calm and cover redness, Dr. Palm recommends avoiding products with chemical sunscreen agents (usually oxybenzone or avobenzone, though there are others). The Overall Best Probiotic For Rosacea. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in acne and hyperpigmentary skin disorders. 6 rosacea skin care tips dermatologists give their patients. More specifically, those that strengthen the skin barrier, such as ceramides and niacinamide. "These are calming ingredients for the skin," she says. Your skin is a crowded place. While it ultimately comes down to preference, taking your skin type into consideration can help guide you. Sometimes moisturizers with glycolic acids and retinol can irritate rosacea symptoms, so its best to stick with sensitive skin formulations, she says. It's important to note that switching to natural products doesn't always mean that the product is totally free from fragrances. Byrdie contributor Theresa Holland is a skincare enthusiast and commerce beauty writer. Active Ingredients: Sunflower seed oil, lanolin, beeswax | Skin Type: Dry | Size: 2.5 ounces | SPF: No | Cruelty-Free: Yes. Skin-benefiting probiotics are often found in fermented foods and beverages, improve digestive health and even help with allergies, shown to improve skin barrier function in female volunteers, may prevent the occurrence, or lessen the frequency, of urinary tract infections, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center. And though Dr. Bowe believes it's best to consume probiotics through these wholly natural sources, oral probiotic supplements can also help. Molecules. Murad intense recovery cream, 50ml. ", Key Ingredients: Prebiotic thermal water, neurosensine, shea butter | Usage: Gently hydrate and soothe skin | Dosage: Apply after cleansing, morning and evening | Scent: None. Promise. Licorice extract, allantoin, and caffeine combine to reduce inflammation without drying out your skin, and the neutral tint of the moisturizer makes your skin look more even and less red. the market have undergone scientific testing, Dr. Khetarpal says. Skin conditions aren't funespecially ones like rosacea, which can leave your face dry and red. The redness and bumps brought on by this chronic skin condition are due to inflammation, which is believed to be caused by a combination of genetics and environmental factors. So if you're prone to dry, scaly patches and irritation, this thick, ceramide-packed moisturizer will be your MVP. The 13 Best Flush-Reducing Moisturizers for Rosacea - Greatist THE REVIEWS: I've struggled with acne and rosacea all of my life, a tester writes. Dermstore. Its not only one of Dr. Collins and Dr. Lius favorite ingredients for sensitive skin, but its also the main ingredient used in both prescription rosacea treatments and acne treatments, thanks to its ability to destroy acne-causing bacteria while soothing inflammation. He searched the whole cupboard and asked, where is the good one the honey one? Needless to say, in his opinion, the lotion is worth the cost.. WebBest Sellers Rank: #30,504 in Beauty & Personal Care (See Top 100 in Beauty & Personal Care) #690 in Face Moisturizers Rosacea Care Night Cream - Nourishing, deep moisturizer for rosacea skin (1.2 Oz) Biossance Squalane + Probiotic Gel Moisturizer - .10 oz. We only recommend products we love and that we think you will, too. More research is needed to better understand how probiotics could support people with rosacea. As a fellow rosacea patient, here's what she recommends: "In general, I never put my face in hot water, I don't go in hot tubs or steam rooms, as it takes a toll on my skin," she says. And only a Probiotic products probably Key Ingredients: Hydrolyzed collagen, peptides, niacin, hyaluronic acid| Usage: Correct uneven skin tone, hydrate, protect skin from sun | Dosage: Apply once in the morning, wash off at night | Scent: None. In just 2 days of use I saw a dramatic difference in my skin. The 24-hour skin hydration and barrier function effects of a hyaluronic 1%, glycerin 5%, and Centella asiatica stem cells extract moisturizing fluid: an intra-subject, randomized, assessor-blinded study. There are several prescription creams and gels that are FDA approved to treat rosacea symptoms. To avoid aggravating your skins delicate sensibilities, you need to gently moisturize. Moisturizing at least once a day is important, says Dr. Ilyas, and if you live in a cold, dry environment, considering moisturizer twice daily may help more.. Also, Hyperbiotics uses a patented time-release system to deliver the organisms into your body gradually, which makes these a good choice for people with sensitive stomachs, and since they're smaller than most capsules, they're easier to swallow. Finding the right moisturizer is just one of the ways to reduce symptoms of rosacea. "Ceramides, present in many skincare products, are especially helpful for But before I get into the goods, listen up: Over-the-counter rosacea creams wont fix your rosacea, and they certainly arent as effective as prescription products (so pls visit your dermatologist!). 26 Jun. THE REVIEWS: I have tried so many moisturizers and oils, writes a reviewer. And if your interest has been piqued by this topic, check out this guide to the best skin care products with probiotics. 6 rosacea skin care tips dermatologists give their patients. THE REVIEWS: Ive suffered from rosacea for years, writes a tester. Its related to an increased sensitivity of the skin overall, so anything that makes the skin sensitive, she explains, will lead to dilation of the blood vessels and thenflushing, blushing, and breakouts. [You can also] look for tinted sunscreens with niacinamide or resveratrol, both of which can reduce redness and inflammation associated with rosacea.. Probiotics for treating eczema Comprehensive medical management of rosacea: an interim study report and literature review.. Its even helped with rosacea. Abstract. Goldman and Dachnowicz called Cetaphil Moisturizing Cream the best overall moisturizer for dry skin.. Key Ingredients: Glycerin, hyaluronic acid | Usage: Hydrate and repair dry skin | Dosage: Apply morning and night as needed | Scent: None, Skin may need time to adjust to this product, Some users report redness and irritation after applying. beautiful thing. Biological and pharmacological activities of squalene and related compounds: potential uses in cosmetic dermatology. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. I felt beyond beautiful bc the redness was completely gone. WebDr Oz: Green Tea Cream Rosacea Home Remedy + Rosacea Probiotic Relief Dr Oz: Rosacea Symptoms Rosacea is an unsightly skin issue, but three out of four people who have it dont even realize it. Probiotics The Best Benzoyl Peroxide Face Washes For Clear Skin, 11 Best Hand Lotions for People With Dry, Cracked Skin for 2023, Tested and Reviewed, The 7 Best SPF Lip Balms Prevent Chapped, Sunburned Lips, The 9 Best Moisturizers for Dry Skin, According to Dermatologists, The 15 Best Clinical Strength Deodorants and Antiperspirants of 2023, Tested and Reviewed, Are Caffeine Serums Worth the Hype? Shop popular brands like Aveeno, EltaMD, Cetaphil, La Roche-Posay, CeraVe and more. 2023 Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 14 Skin-Care Products for Rosacea Recommended by Dermatologists. It was made with super sensitive skin in mind and is free of fragrances, oils, parabens, and preservatives. I have never had such clarity and redness reduction as I have had with this product. Dr. Whitney Bowe, M.D., board-certified dermatologist, Clinical Assistant Professor of Dermatology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center, and a Castle Connolly Top Doctor. THE REVIEWS: I have rosacea and acne prone skin that is highly sensitive, writes a reviewer. Key benefits: Clears acne, addresses inflammation, strengthens skin barrier. Thats why we like the Oat Gel Facial Moisturizer: The lightweight cream uses soothing oats and anti-inflammatory feverfew to calm rosacea symptoms and prevent future flares and offers deep, nourishing hydration to your dry skin. National Rosacea Society. In the rare case that shes not working on a story, you can find her testing new makeup, skin, or hair launches, binge-watching bad reality TV, or diligently working (but failing) to get her inbox to zero. Addor FA. These cooling methods can calm a flare on the spot, but if they dont work, happen frequently, or just arent practical for you, you may need to break out the big guns. We conducted hours of research to find the best moisturizers for rosacea, evaluating each product to see if they have active ingredients with soothing, anti-inflammatory properties. Key Ingredients: Licochalcone, squalane | Usage: Relieve and reduce redness | Dosage: Apply once per day, in the evening, after cleansing | Scent: None, May pill on application with some skin types. Sarah Bradley has been writing health content since 2017everything from product roundups and illness FAQs to nutrition explainers and the dish on diet trends. Enter: this cult-favorite, mineral sunscreen, which Dr. Collins recommends using (instead of a chemical SPF) to help prevent accidental irritation and flare-ups. As soon as you put it on, you can feel it calm and cool the skin.. As board-certified dermatologist Diane Madfes, MD, FAAD, explains, rosacea is an immunity imbalance that breaks the skin barrier and causes inflammation. The formula is also filled with feverfew (an antioxidant-rich plant known for soothing redness), along with glycerin for skin-plumping hydration. Probiotics can be great for improving the health of the skins microbiome and bringing in good bacteria. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. We love this one in particular because it's packed with nourishing peptides to support a healthy skin barrier, as well as niacinamide to even tone and absorb excess oil. Instead, choose a product with physical sunscreen blockers like zinc and titanium. Karen Kagha, MD, FAAD, is a Boston-based board-certified dermatologist. 29,8 (2015): 1117-22. doi:10.1002/ptr.5356, Abid Keen, M.; Hassan, I. Vitamin E in dermatology. THE REVIEWS: Single handedly calmed my angry skin in a week, writes a reviewer. It is even allergy-tested for many common skin irritants to ensure it wont cause added inflammation. essential to fight infection, protect [You might just get] irritation from these products, [because people] with rosacea don't always tolerate alpha hydroxy acids, retinol, and other anti-aging additives.. The best cream to help get rid of rosacea, per dermatologist Kristina Collins, MD, is a cream that contains azelaic acid in low concentrations (think: 10 percent or under). It works with propolis extract (a waxy substance produced by bees thats thought to help with wound healing) and soothing aloe vera and vitamin E to help curb irritation on rosacea-prone skin. Do Face Masks Actually Work or Are They Just a Fad? "I started seeing results after one day of taking the probiotic," reported one reviewer. Allure Beauty Box Gift Guides Video The 2023 Readers Choice Awards are live! Instead, this moisturizer's brand name spotlights one of its hero ingredients: hydrating honey extract. According to dermatologistCynthia Robinson, MD, FAAD,triggers for some peoplemay include caffeine, alcohol, hot beverages, spicy foods, sun exposure, and stress. Probiotics have been proposed as an effective treatment for eczema; their use is increasing, as numerous clinical trials are under way. Testers note that a little bit (like a pea-size) goes a long way, which makes the higher price point more justifiable, too. The other reason that rosacea often seems to have a sudden onset is how under-diagnosed the condition is in non-white people, says Dr. Ilyas, since its typically associated with fair skin or people of Northern European ancestry. According to Dr. Palm, the ingredients that could irritate rosacea-prone skin include lactic and glycolic acids, added fragrances, alcohol, and menthol, as well as harsh active ingredients like retinol, AHAs, BHAs, and essential oils. THE REVIEWS: I have extremely sensitive, dry, acne prone skin with rosacea, reads one testers review. Rosacea; Eczema; Dryness and flaky skin ; If you experience any of those skin woes, probiotic creams might help. The Steps for a Basic, Everyday Skin Care Routine, Top 10 Skin Care Tips From a Dermatologist. Right?! Rosacea symptoms often worsen when skin becomes dry, so a moisturizer can help people with rosacea reduce irritation and end up with healthier-looking skin. It is available by prescription in gel, cream, But if you love the rush that comes with a splurge (I get it), this vanity-worthy jar and top-rated formula has your name ~all~ over it. against environmental damage, regulate pH levels and keep the skin THE REVIEWS: I have struggled for years with redness and inflammation due to rosacea, one tester writes. Best Probiotics for Rosacea Revitol Rosacea Cream. Best of all? PMID: 30480774 PMCID: PMC6517242 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006135.pub3 Abstract Background: Eczema is a common chronic skin condition. Active Ingredients: Titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, allantoin, vitamin E | Skin Type: Sensitive, dry | Size: 1.7 ounces | SPF: 20 | Cruelty-Free: No. Advances in experimental medicine and biology vol. Though every rosacea cream on this list is safe for sensitive skin, Vanicream is known for being *the best* for highly reactive skin, and this formula is no different. Actas Dermosifiliogr. Honestly, 10/10. But an imbalance of the skins Probiotic products can restore balance to your skin. They should also be free of additive irritants such as fragrance, essential oils, camphor, and menthol, which can be extremely triggering, on sensitive, rosacea-prone skin, she says. Very gentle, non-irritating products that are pH-balanced can help, but there's more that you can do. Not only does this product NOT contain that, it's completely reduced my redness! Probiotics are health-promoting bacteria that can improve not just gut conditions (where the vast majority of probiotic research has been focused), but skin conditions, too including rosacea. When my luggage did not arrive on a trip to Paris a year and a half ago, I was forced to go into French pharmacies to replenish supplies. "To heal our skin, we have to start in our gut," Dr. Bowe says, and since this probiotic aims to improve digestion, it should, therefore, be beneficial for your skin. Not only have Amazon reviewers with rosacea reported luck with this supplement, but people with other skin conditions such as cystic acne and eczema have had success, too. Cetaphil Moisturizing Cream. Prescriptions tend to start at 15 or 20 percent strengths (which can be irritating at first), so if your skin is hyper-sensitive, try this lower-dose, 10 percent cream from The Ordinary first. Soaps, face scrubs and medications 2016;91(1):59-63. doi:10.1590/abd1806-4841.20163541. 2021;16(12):e0261259. With tweaks to your cleansing This rich cream has been popular for years, and we totally understand why. All-in-one rosacea cream? "To heal our skin, we have to start in our gut," Dr. Bowe says, and since this probiotic aims to improve digestion, it should, therefore, be beneficial for your skin. Dr. Tanzi says that some moisturizers can irritate rosacea, depending on the formula. We also love that you dont have to sacrifice your delicate skins integrity to save a few dollars: Vanicream is made without any of the typically-irritating ingredients, like fragrances, dyes, alcohol, parabens, and formaldehyde releasers, so it wont make your symptoms worse. So you think (or you know) you have .css-tjvzc4{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:inherit;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;border-bottom:thin solid #6F6F6F;}.css-tjvzc4:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}rosacea. Rosacea can vary in its progression and appearance, but for many people, it's a chronic progressive disease, says Dr. Ilyas. Policy. That means that you want to avoid potentially irritating ingredients, and synthetic fragrance is one of the most common (and problematic) culprits out there. This is the oneit's not easy to find moisturizers without oils in them that also get the job done. 15 Best Rosacea Skincare Products, Recommended by I'm the gal who loves to get the most bang for my buck, so I'll never stop recommending this giant vat of moisturizing cream. A product like Aveenos Calm + Restore Oat Gel Facial Moisturizer for Sensitive Skin can help improve the overall quality and integrity of your skin, making it easier to shop for other facial products without worrying about flares. Cleveland Clinic 1995-2023. Koch, Wojciech et al. few of those were actually tested on human skin. OK, this isnt technically a ~rosacea cream~, but if youre trying to treat rosacea, you need to make sure every step of your skincare routine is gentle and soothing, including your face wash. Goldman and Dachnowicz called Cetaphil Moisturizing Cream the best overall moisturizer for dry skin.. Active Ingredients: Hyaluronic acid, Japanese indigo extract, ceramides | Skin Type: All | Size: 0.34, 1.7 ounces | SPF: No | Cruelty-Free: Yes. This, in turn, gives rise to many substantial health issues. Most redness relief products contain niacinamide, which my skin is super sensitive to. This drugstore formula features soothing cucumber fruit extract and lactobacillus extract, a probiotic that the brand claims calms redness. If rosacea redness is your biggest concern, this moisturizer tackles redness from multiple angles to give you calmer, cooler skin. 2014;105(9):822-832. doi:10.1016/j.ad.2013.12.018, The 13 Best Face Moisturizers for Dry Skin of 2023, Tested and Reviewed, The 16 Best Moisturizers for Acne-Prone Skin of 2023, The 14 Best La Roche-Posay Products in 2023, The 17 Best Collagen Creams of 2023 for Firmer, Plumper Skin, The 12 Best Night Creams of 2023, Tested and Reviewed, The 13 Best Over-the-Counter Retinols of 2023, Tested & Reviewed, The 14 Best Drugstore Moisturizers of 2023, The 13 Best Makeup Products for Rosacea of 2023, The 15 Best Drugstore Night Creams of 2023, The 14 Best Drugstore Retinol Creams of 2023, The 17 Best Face Creams for Dry Complexions of 2023, The 15 Best Face Moisturizers for Sensitive Skin of 2023.
How To Fix 500 Internal Server Error In Xampp, City Of Birmingham Recycling, Biotrue Oneday For Presbyopia 90 Pack, Whisperflo Wfe-4 Specs, Articles B